Leer for glassware and other articles



Mardi 30,1926. l 1,578,192

W. O. AMSLER LEER FIOR GLASSWARE AND OTHER ARTICLES Filed April l, 1925 4 Sheets-Shea*I 1 Muah 30,1926. 1,578,792v

WL O. AMSLER LEER FOR GLASSWARE AND OTHER ARTICLES Filed April 1, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet I5 March 30,1926. 1,578,792

W. O. AMSLER LEER Fon vGLAssvuuu: AND OTHER ARTICLES Filed April 1, 1925 4`sheets-sheet 4 @SS u..

b E @QS E' Q L w/nvesses O WOR mmm' M Patented Mar. 30, 1926.

UNITED STATI-:s

WALTER 0. AMSLER, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

LEER FOR GLASSWARE AND OTHER ARTICLES.

Application led April 1, 1925. Serial No. 19,858.

lo all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, lVALTnn O. AMsLnn, residing at Toledo, in the county ot Lucas and State of Ohio, a citizen ot the United States, have invented or discovered certain new and useful Improvements in Leers for Glassware and Other Articles, of which improvements the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in leers; and, while not necessarily limited to service in connection with particular articles or particular classes of articles, I have developed it as a leer for the annealing of articles of glassware, sucl as tableware, jars, lenses, salve boxes, and generally of small blown or pressed or blown and pressed articles, and in suoli application I shall here show and describe it.

Leers embodying the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Fig. I is a view in vertical and longitudinal section of the charging end of a leer, and the invention will be understood without illustration of the remoter portion. The plane of section of Fig. I is, in Fig. IV, indicated by the line I-I. Figs. II and III are views in vertical and transverse section, on the planes indicated respectively by the lines II-II and III-III, Fig. I. Fig. IV is a vieW in horizontal and longitudinal section, and on two planes; the upper halt of the ligure is on the plane indicated at D-D, Fig. I, the lower half on the plane indicated at E-E. From the showing of the lower halt the conveyor has, for purposes of illustration, been omitted. Fig. V is a fragmentary view to larger scale, affording more minute illustration, but in other respects corresponding to Fig. III. Fig. VI is a View corresponding to Fig. I, and illustrating a modification. The plane of section of Fig. VI is indicated at VI-VL Fig. VIII. Fig. VII is a view in vertical and transverse section and on two planes; the left-hand half of the vfigure is on the plane indicated at K-L, Fig. VI, the right-hand half on the plane G-H. Fig. VIII is a view in horizontal and longitudinal section, and on two planes: the plane of section yof the upper halt is indicated at C-D, Fig. VI, and of the lower half lil-F, Fig. VI.

A leer includes as its essential and char.- acteristic feature a chamber of great length, through which, usually by special appliances, the articles under treatment are caused slowly to advance. The temperature within the chamber .is at the intake end maintained at a high degree of. elevation, from which high degree there is gradual diminution, until at the delivery end the temperature Within the chamber is atmospheric, or sufiiciently near atmospheric to insure good results. It is with the maintenance otI the requisite elevatedl temperature at the intake end of the annealing chamber that my invention has primarily to do.

The leer of my invention is of the muiiie type, that is to say, it is a leer whose annealing chamber is heated by radiation through the chamber walls; the fiamedoes not enter the annealing -chamber nor play directly on the ware. Throughout all the drawings the annealing chamber is indicated generally by the reference numeral l, and, referring particularly to Figs. I and VI, it will be understood that this chamber extends indefinitely from left to right, to a remote delivery end. Throughout this annealing chamber extends a conveyor, 2, in this instance in the form of a pair of endless chains 21, upon which conveyor pans 22 are mounted (see, for details Fig. V). The chains are carried by sprocket wheels 23, and are equipped with rollers Q-l to travel on suitable rails 25 within the annealing chamber. Chain-driving means are not shown, but such means are well known to the art. It Will be perceived that at the'charging end there is an opening in the floor of the annealing chamber, to give passage to theconveyor.

The walls of the annealing chamber are in the main heat-insulating in their structure. At the charging end, however, the floor wall 3 is made heat-conducting, and is played upon from beneath by hot gases. That is to say, the floor of the chamber at this point becomes a stove top, over which the conveyor slowly carries the ware under treatment. The construction will be understood from the drawings. The Hoor is built of thin tile, it is penetrated from end to end with flues 31, and through these ilues streams of hot gas are caused to advance on their way from a fire-box 4to a stack 5. The direction of the gas streams is preferably from left to right, and corresponds to the direction of the advance of ware Within the annealing chamber. Consideration of Figs. II and III will reveal the fact that the iues 31 may be made of graded capacity, to the end that, the flames being caused to approach from the sides of the structure as a whole (as will presently be more fully cX- plained), the streams of flame may be spread and distributed across the width of theannealing chamber to afford uniformity in heat conditions.

I have said that at the charging end there is an opening in the fioor of the annealing chamber. I so particularly design this opening that the entering ware is not exposed to the sweep of a draft of cold air, andfurther the conveyor comes to the place of loading already heated to 0r approximately to the temperature of the ware itself. Accordingly I provide a supplementary floor section 6, built at a lower level than the main floor 3, extending from the extreme lefthand end of the structure to the right, underlying thebreak in the main oor 3, and for a substantial distance underlying the floor 3 itself. And similarly as I heat the main floor 3, I heat from beneath this supplementary floor section 6 also. Thus a devious approach for the conveyor to the annealing chamber is formed: first, a horizontal passageway, open on the right (Fig. I), and on the left continuous with a vertical passageway which opens above directly to the annealing chamber proper. The horizontal passageway has a hot floor, and throughout so much of its extent as underlies the main floor 3, it has a hot roof also, and, as presently will appear, its side walls also are hot. Manifestly air entering through this opening is heated, before it reaches the annealing chamber above, where the ware is introduced. Through this devious passageway the conveyor enters the annealing chamk ber at the charging end; and as it enters and before it reaches the place where it receives its burden of ware to be treated, it has already been heated by the provisions dev tion 6 is formed of thin tile and is heated by causing'it to become the vault of the fire-box 4, in which the fiame from a burner 7 plays. From the fire-box flues 4l rise through the side walls/to a transverse flue 42 above, and from flue'llQ lead the floor ilues 31 already described. The flucs 31 in turn lead to a cross fine 32, and this in turn leads to the stack 5.

, liVit-hin the annealing chamber proper and along the bases of the side walls, beyond the conveyor, but spaced at an interval from the walls, are shield plates 26. The construction will be apparent on comparing Figs I land V. Heat radiation is necessarily greatest through the side walls, and currents of cooler air tend to circulate downward upon these walls. The shield plates 26 serve to confine these cooler currents, to

prevent them from sweeping directly upon the ware, but rather to cause them to How, as indicated by an larrow, Fig. V, to the fioor beneath the conveyor. There the air is heated again, and a counter-current of hot air rises through the conveyor.

Fig. I shows at 8 a charging opening. Through this opening the conveyor') of the charging apparatus enters, and extends transversely across the extreme left-hand end of the annealing chamber. The conveyor 9 brings ware, hot from the shop. From the conveyor 9 an accumulated charge of ware to be annealed, may, by well-known means, indicated at 10, be pushed to position upon the adjacent conveyor 2.

It will be observed of the annealing chamber, as seen in Figs. I and VI, that it is provided with a roof inclined upwardlyr from right to left, through that portion which by the means now described, is heated. This provision causes the heated airto tend to How toward the intake end and insures maximum temperature at the intake.

The operations of charging and of advancing the ware through the annealing chamber are normal, and annealing is effected in essentially usual manner. It will be understood that to the right, beyond the hot floor described, there are no heating means, and in the course of its slow progress through the prolonged chamber, the ware is gradually reduced to a temperature below the range of annealing, and ultimately the finished ware is carried to the open air. The improvements lie in a simple and effective and economical arrangement of heating means, and in those details of design, now explained, whereby the ware, when first introduced, is shielded from chilling, andthe conveyor at the point where the entering ware is laid upon it, already heated to orapproximately to the temperature lof the ware itself. n

The modifications shown in Figs. VI- VIII are these: the break in the floor of the annealing chamber is narrowed; the conveyor 9 is externally placed, and the charge is pushed through an opening formed for the purpose in the end wall of the structure; two pairs of sprocket wheels 23 are provided for the conveyor chains at the intake end of the annealing chamber, and the conveyor rises vertically through the nar# rowed opening in the main fioor of the annealing chamber; the fire-box 13 is arranged above and at the extreme end of the annealing chamber; elsewhere enclosed by heat-insulating walls, this fire-box is sepa- ,a0

rated from the annealing chamber only by an arch 14. ot tiles through which heat ra diation is relatively f ee. From the upper lire-box 153 the streams of flame descend through side-wall flu'es 411 and reach transverse flue 15 beneath the lowerl floor section 6. From the transverse flue 15 the flames advance through the centrally arranged flues 16, and thence reach-the side-Wall flues 17. Rising through flues 1T the flames reach the transverse flue 18 in the main floor 3, and from this point they advance through floor flues 31, as already described. Compared with the structure of Figs. I-V, it will be perceived of the structure of Figs. VI-VIII that the charging end ot the annealing chamber is both overlaid and underlaid, and, indeed, is completely encompassed in circulating streams of flame; it will be 'perceived also that the streams of flame arel alternately spread to descend through side-wall flues, and then concentrated toward the mid-line of the structure.

These are features whichy of course make for high and well distributed temperature.

I claim as my invention:

1. In annealing apparatus-an elongate,-

horizontally extending chamber with heat retaining Walls, means for advancing Ware through the chamber trom charging to dis` charging end, a heat-transmitting area in the floor wall of the chamber adjacent the charging end, a tranverse flue arranged beyneath such arca at one end thereof, and

longitudinal flues extending from said transverse flue, and means for causing hot gases to flow through said transverse flue and thence through said longitudinal fines, the said longitudinal flues being graded in effective cross-sectional' area.

2. In annealing apparatus an elongate horizontally extending chamber, the floor of said chamber being formed in a plurality of sections arranged at different levels, conveying means entering the chamber between the said floor sections and then advancing above the upper floor section, and means forl causing astream of hot gases to flour externally of said floor structure, first beneath the lower lloorse'ction and then beneath the upper floor section.

3. In annealing apparatus'yan elongate horizontally extending chamber, the floor of said chamber being formedv in a plurality ot sections arranged at different levels, conveying means entering thechamber between the vsaid floor sections and then advancing above the upper floor section, a firebox of which the lower floor section forms the roof and a flue for hot gases leading from said tire-box, the upper floor section constituting a wall of such flue.

A 4. In annealing apparatus an elongate, horizontally extending chamber, the floor of said chamber being formed in a plurality of' sections arranged at different levels and overlapping one another, a fire-box for which a lower floor section constitutes a wall, a flue leading from said tire-box, for which an upper floor section constitutes a .Wall, and conveying means entering said chamber between said floor sections.

In annealing apparatus an elongate, horizontally extending chamber, means for heating` the floor of the chamber, a horizontally extending conveyor movable longi tudinally wtihm the chamber and at an interval above the floor and at an interval vfrom the side Walls of the chamber, and a shield extending parallel with and at an interval from the side Walls of the chamber and extending from above to a level lower than the level of the conveyor.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto i set my hand. g

' WALTER o. AMSLER. 

